21/12/2017
Préparateur sportif et trauma sévère: Une évidence !
Cocks M et Al. J Surg Educ. 2014 Mar-Apr;71(2):262-9
BACKGROUND:
Mental practice has been successfully applied in professional sports for skills acquisition and performance enhancement. The goals of this review are to describe the literature on mental practice within sport psychology and surgery and to explore how the specific principles of mental practice can be applied to the improvement of surgical performance-both in novice and expert surgeons.
METHOD:
The authors reviewed the sports psychology, education, and surgery literatures through Medline, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Embase.
RESULTS:
In sports, mental practice is a valuable tool for optimizing existing motor skill sets once core competencies have been mastered. These techniques have been shown to be more advantageous when used by elite athletes. Within surgery, mental practice studies have focused on skill acquisition among novices with little study of how expert surgeons use it to optimize surgical preparation.
CONCLUSIONS:
We propose that performance optimization and skills acquisition should be viewed as 2 separate domains of mentalpractice. Further understanding of this phenomenon has implications for changing how we teach and train not only novice surgeons but also how experienced surgeons continue to maintain their skills, acquire new ones, and excel in surgery.
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17/02/2017
Visualisation mentale: Mieux que l'ATLS
Lorello GR et Al CJEM. 2016 Mar;18(2):136-42. doi: 10.1017/cem.2015.4. Epub 2015 Apr 10.
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l'ATLS (Advanced trauma life support) est souvent présenté comme la panacée en matière de prise en charge du traumatisé. Il n'est pas inintéressant d'avoir une analyse très critique de ce type de formation dont le but originel était d'apporter, en 2 jours et demi, des connaissances de base à des équipes peu formées à la pris en charge de traumatisés sévères. Aussi doit on considérer qu'elle a été d'un apport fondamental dans les pays ne disposant pas de réseaux avancés. Si le contenu structuré et le recours à des ateliers pratiques apparaît attrayant , le contenu médical est régulièrement non conforme aux bonnes pratiques et les enseignants souvent non experts du sujet (1, 2). Il a pu être proposé de traduire l'acronyme ATLS par "Archaic Trauma Life Support"(3). Le travail proposé confirme bien les limites de cette formation qui ne parait plus adapté au contexte actuel pour des professionnels de l'affaire (4). Quand on s'adresse à des étudiants avancés dans leur cursus de formation, la préparation d'un exercice de simulation en équipe par l'imagerie mentale est plus efficace.
L'ATLS demeure néanmoins un bon moyen d'appréhender pour les novices les bases fondamentales de la prise en charge des traumatisés. Ce n'est pas le seul et il existe d'autres approches notamment le DIU de traumatisés sévères (5) ou l'European Trauma Course (6), dernier donnant un grande place à la simulation.
INTRODUCTION:
Effective trauma resuscitation requires the coordinated efforts of an interdisciplinary team. Mental practice (MP) is defined as the mental rehearsal of activity in the absence of gross muscular movements and has been demonstrated to enhance acquiring technical and procedural skills. The role of MP to promote nontechnical, team-based skills for trauma has yet to be investigated.
METHODS:
We randomized anaesthesiology, emergency medicine, and surgery residents to two-member teams randomly assigned to either an MP or control group. The MP group engaged in 20 minutes of MP, and the control group received 20 minutes of Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) training. All teams then participated in a high-fidelity simulated adult trauma resuscitation and received debriefing on communication, leadership, and teamwork. Two blinded raters independently scored video recordings of the simulated resuscitations using the Mayo High Performance Teamwork Scale (MHPTS), a validated team-based behavioural rating scale. The Mann-Whitney U-test was used to assess for between-group differences.
RESULTS:
Seventy-eight residents provided informed written consent and were recruited. The MP group outperformed the control group with significant effect on teamwork behaviour as assessed using the MHPTS: r=0.67, p<0.01.
CONCLUSIONS:
MP leads to improvement in team-based skills compared to traditional simulation-based trauma instruction. We feel that MP may be a useful and inexpensive tool for improving nontechnical skills instruction effectiveness for team-based trauma care.
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01/09/2016
Pensez, efficace et peu couteux
Cognitive skills analysis, kinesiology, and mental imagery in the acquisition of surgical skills
Bathalon S. et Al. J Otolaryngol. 2005 Oct;34(5):328-32.
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Un moyen simple pour améliorer sa performance
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GOAL:
Isolate and evaluate the impact of mental imagery on the acquisition of an emergency surgical technique.
METHOD:
We studied 44 first-year medical students performing a cricothyrotomy on a mannequin to determine the impact of teaching usingmental imagery (MI) and/or kinesiology (KG) compared to the standard Advandec Trauma Life Support (ATLS) approach. Students were randomly assigned to one of three groups: MI and KG, KG alone or control (ATLS). Two weeks after the one-hour teaching session, they were evaluated with an OSCE testing the performance of the different steps of the technique, the time required and its fluidity.
RESULTS:
Total results (maximum: 25 marks) are as follows: KG + MI = 20.3 +/- 1.5 ; KG = 19.3 +/- 2.9 ; ATLS = 18.2 +/- 2.5. The only statistically significant difference for total results was in the use of MI and KG compared to the control group. Kinesiology alone or with mental imageryimproved the fluidity of the performance.
CONCLUSION:
Many factors influence the acquisition of a surgical technique. This study showed that acquisition and performance of an emergency procedure (cricothyrotomy) was improved when mental imagery and kinesiology were combined to teach it.